WESTSCIENCE PRESSWESTSCIENCE PRESS

West Science Law and Human RightsWest Science Law and Human Rights

The 1945 Constitution acknowledges and protects the existence of indigenous communities. However, the existence of customary court has been abolished through Emergency Law No. 1/1951, and its legal authority is still not recognized to this day. This creates ambiguity in the administration of the justice system. Therefore, an assessment of the urgency of reconstructing Indonesias justice system to achieve recognition of customary justice institutions is needed. Through this method, it is found that non-binding legal force of customary court decisions leads to negative consequences for indigenous people and customary law itself. Therefore, a strong legal framework is required through the enactment of the Indigenous Community Bill. Collaboration between law enforcement and indigenous people is also essential in resolving indigenous cases.

The study concludes that the recognition of customary law within the national legal system remains ambiguous, leading to legal uncertainty regarding the authority of customary courts.This situation negatively impacts indigenous communities and hinders the fulfillment of their rights.To address this, the enactment of the Indigenous Communities Bill is crucial, alongside enhanced collaboration between law enforcement and indigenous communities to ensure effective dispute resolution and legal protection.

Further research should explore the optimal mechanisms for integrating customary courts into the national judicial framework, considering their unique characteristics and the specific needs of indigenous communities. Additionally, studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of restorative justice principles within customary legal systems and their potential to reduce conflict and promote reconciliation. Finally, research should investigate the role of legal education and awareness programs in empowering indigenous communities to understand and utilize both customary and national legal systems, fostering greater access to justice and protecting their rights. These investigations should be conducted with sensitivity to the cultural context and involve active participation from indigenous leaders and community members, aiming to develop a more inclusive and equitable legal landscape in Indonesia. The combined effort will contribute to a more just and harmonious society, respecting the diversity and traditions of all its citizens, while ensuring the rule of law is upheld for everyone.

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