Publisher

UM SURABAYAUM SURABAYA

Journal Jurnal Justisia Ekonomika: Magister Hukum Ekonomi SyariahJurnal Justisia Ekonomika: Magister Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Abstract

This study aims to determine Islamic law on AI (artificial intelligence) in transactions. In this era, AI has entered into various sectors of commerce. Many large companies have used AI in various functions and roles. So it is necessary to study the legal impact of AI in transaction. This research uses a normative method with a conceptual approach. In transactions, weak AI has occupied at least three positions out of four possible positions, as objects, tools and limited agent. Meanwhile, strong AI, which occupies a position as an independent entity, does not yet exist at this time. At least three positions can be measured actually and one position can be measured hypothetically. Weak AI as objects, tools and limited agent is punished by rules related to its position. But in general, the blame for the AI in these three positions lies with the provider and not the AI itself. Meanwhile, AI as an independent entity, if it is analogous to the general rules of transactions, then all the consequences of his wrongful actions will be charged to him. Because the error is the result of the ability of think independently. The punishment that can be applied is punishment within the scope of tazir that is adjusted to government regulations as well as scientific research on the limits of AI intelligence.

Conclusion

Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa AI telah merambah berbagai sektor bisnis dan ekonomi, dengan weak AI menduduki posisi sebagai objek, alat, dan agen terbatas.Strong AI, yang berpotensi sebagai entitas mandiri, belum terwujud namun perlu dipertimbangkan dari perspektif fikih.Penetapan hukum terkait AI, khususnya strong AI, memerlukan penyesuaian dengan prinsip syariah, kebijakan pemerintah, dan penelitian ilmiah untuk menentukan batas kecerdasan dan tanggung jawabnya.

Future Research

Penelitian lanjutan perlu dilakukan untuk mengkaji lebih dalam implikasi hukum dari strong AI, termasuk hak dan kewajibannya dalam transaksi ekonomi syariah. Selain itu, perlu diteliti mekanisme pertanggungjawaban hukum yang tepat jika strong AI melakukan kesalahan atau wanprestasi, dengan mempertimbangkan konsep tazir dan batas kecerdasan AI. Terakhir, penelitian dapat difokuskan pada pengembangan kerangka regulasi yang adaptif dan komprehensif untuk mengatur penggunaan AI dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk transaksi keuangan, dengan tetap berlandaskan pada prinsip-prinsip syariah dan kemaslahatan umat.

References

1. The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Electronic Commerce - IOPscience. application artificial... doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1302/3/032030The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Electronic Commerce IOPscience application artificial doi 10 1088 1742 6596 1302 3 032030
2. Establishing Legal Rights and Liabilities for Artificial Intelligence | IIUM Law Journal. establishing... doi.org/10.31436/iiumlj.v26i1.382Establishing Legal Rights and Liabilities for Artificial Intelligence IIUM Law Journal establishing doi 10 31436 iiumlj v26i1 382
3. A Mass-Produced Sociable Humanoid Robot: Pepper: The First Machine of Its Kind | IEEE Journals &... doi.org/10.1109/MRA.2018.2833157A Mass Produced Sociable Humanoid Robot Pepper The First Machine of Its Kind IEEE Journals doi 10 1109 MRA 2018 2833157

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