DRIYARKARADRIYARKARA

DISKURSUS - JURNAL FILSAFAT DAN TEOLOGI STF DRIYARKARADISKURSUS - JURNAL FILSAFAT DAN TEOLOGI STF DRIYARKARA

Akibat konsep ununcumbered-self dalam antropologi filsafat liberalisme, peran komunitas dalam mengkonstruksi identitas individu pada masyarakat modern kian merosot. Michael Sandel mengajukan kritik fundamental terhadap konsep liberalisme tersebut. Menurutnya, antropologi filsafat liberal adalah akar tirani meritokrasi, krisis solidaritas, dan polarisasi sosial dalam berbagai masyarakat demokratis hari ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggunakan perspektif filsafat komunitarian Sandel untuk menganalisis lebih lanjut tentang reimajinasi identitas dalam masyarakat kontemporer. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu lewat review literatur dan analisis kritis, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap individu dapat mewujudkan kebebasannya hanya dalam suatu komunitas yang memiliki nilai bersama dan komitmen pada kebaikan umum. Sebagai sebuah proyek formatif, kebaikan umum tidak mungkin dicapai melalui refleksi soliter melainkan hanya melalui penalaran etis secara kolektif dan tindakan bersama. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa multiply-situated self dan komunitas adalah fondasi moral dari budaya kerja sama dan solidaritas dalam setiap masyarakat demokratis dan plural, termasuk Indonesia.

Amid the increasing individual freedom and autonomy in modern society today, democracy has degenerated.This research has outlined Michael Sandels communitarianism as an alternative answer to the question.For Sandel, the crisis is rooted in the practice of the procedural republic, namely a government and political system with liberalism as its public philosophy.Under the dominance of liberalism principles in politics and public life, modern individuals have abandoned the communal solidarity, the principle of sharing in self-government, and deliberation of the common good.Therefore, Sandel promotes the concept of revitalization of public discourse, namely reviewing the fundamental premises of liberalism, especially the premise of the unencumbered-self.The idea of the unencumbered-self undermines the reasoning of democracy, citizenship, and the common good as the products of deliberation and intersubjective relations.Modern society needs to revive an alternative concept of the self namely the multiply-situated self.Multiply-situated self is a self with the capability to negotiate between overlapping values in a plural society.Multiply-situated self recognizes that the common good as the formative goal of a community is formed through deliberation and intersubjective relationship with others.In line with the concept of multiply-situated self, the community has important roles, both for individuals and for realizing shared goals.By resisting the tyranny of market and meritocracy, the constitutive community can empower citizenship, social and moral bonds, and solidarity as important values in democracy.It can be concluded that Sandels view of multiply-situated self and the role of community is significant in understanding our existence in a fluid and plural society today.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, saran penelitian lanjutan yang dapat dilakukan adalah: Pertama, penelitian tentang bagaimana konsep multiply-situated self dapat memperkuat praktik demokrasi dan menanggapi tantangan politik saat ini. Kedua, penelitian tentang bagaimana komunitas dapat mengatasi krisis demokrasi. Ketiga, penelitian tentang bagaimana komunitas dapat memfasilitasi dialog dan negosiasi antara berbagai nilai dan pandangan hidup yang tumpang tindih dalam masyarakat plural.

  1. Justice for Community: Political Perspective of Michael Sandel’s Communitarianism... doi.org/10.21787/jbp.12.2020.43-52Justice for Community Political Perspective of Michael SandelyCEs Communitarianism doi 10 21787 jbp 12 2020 43 52
  2. DOI Name 10.9734 Values. doi name values index type timestamp data hs serv 11z crossref desc 00z scid... doi.org/10.9734DOI Name 10 9734 Values doi name values index type timestamp data hs serv 11z crossref desc 00z scid doi 10 9734
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