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International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)The majority of insulation system failures in electrical grids are caused by partial discharge (PD) activity. Continuous PD activity gradually degrades the quality of insulation, potentially resulting in total breakdown. This study investigates PD activity in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) insulation, detected through the observation and measurement of PD charge using the CIGRE Method II electrode system. The objective is to analyze PD behavior in HDPE cable insulation containing cavity-type defects under alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC). The samples consist of three layers of HDPE sheets, each 1 mm thick, with an artificial circular cavity of 1 cm in diameter embedded in the middle layer. This configuration enables detailed analysis of insulation damage and degradation. The results show that HDPE performs better under DC voltage compared to AC. This is evidenced by the average PD inception voltage (Vin) under DC conditions reaching 15.5 kV, higher than the 11.8 kV observed under AC, as well as a significantly longer PD inception time (Tin) under DC conditions. Although the PD charge magnitude is nearly the same under both voltage types, the higher voltage required to trigger PD under DC indicates that HDPE exhibits superior insulation resistance to DC voltage.
This study concludes that HDPE exhibits superior performance under DC voltage compared to AC voltage in terms of partial discharge (PD) characteristics.Specifically, the PD inception voltage (Vin) is higher under DC conditions (15.5 kV) than under AC conditions (11.8 kV), and the PD inception time (Tin) is significantly longer under DC.These findings demonstrate that HDPE possesses greater insulation resistance to DC voltage, making it a suitable material for applications involving DC power transmission.
Further research should investigate the long-term effects of continuous PD activity on HDPE insulation under both AC and DC voltages, focusing on the degradation mechanisms and the correlation between PD characteristics and insulation lifespan. Additionally, exploring the influence of different cavity sizes and shapes on PD behavior in HDPE could provide valuable insights for optimizing insulation design and improving reliability. Finally, a comparative study of PD characteristics in HDPE with other commonly used polymer insulation materials, such as XLPE, under various operating conditions would help identify the most suitable materials for specific high-voltage applications and enhance the overall performance of electrical power systems. These investigations should consider the impact of temperature, humidity, and other environmental factors on PD activity to provide a comprehensive understanding of insulation degradation processes.
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