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This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the quality of human resources (HR) in Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) of the East Sumba Regency in the Industry 5.0 era, utilizing local potential to support increased village income. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing data collection techniques that include observation, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs) involving the Community and Village Empowerment Office, village heads, and BUMDes administrators. The results indicate that the implementation of BUMDes HR training and development has been running quite well, evidenced by an analysis of organizational needs, tasks, and employees, improving their ability to initiate, cooperate, manage finances, market products, communicate, and utilize information technology. However, the effectiveness of training remains limited by budget constraints, unequal access to telecommunications and technology, the absence of standardized evaluation indicators, and suboptimal online training methods. These findings suggest that enhancing the quality of BUMDes HR contributes to the diversification of village businesses and products, but its effectiveness is only moderate and requires ongoing improvement.

BUMDes is a strategic government program designed to enhance the economic well-being of communities at the village level.The effectiveness of BUMDes is primarily determined by the quality of the human resources that run them, which can be improved through structured and sustainable training and development.The implementation of BUMDes HR training in East Sumba Regency demonstrates that capacity-building efforts have been carried out effectively through a training needs analysis approach, including organizational analysis, tasks, and employee assessments.The training focused on improving initiatives, cooperation, financial management, marketing, communication, and IT skills.The training was designed based on the work program of the Village Community Empowerment Office and sustainable village programs integrated with central policies.Collaboration between stakeholders, including village, regional, and central governments, NGOs, and universities, supports the implementation of training.Although the methods used (off-the-job training) are still not fully optimal, particularly in IT-based practices, this collaboration is beneficial.The positive impact of the training is evident in improved teamwork, enhanced IT-based managerial competencies, and the development of business diversification in several BUMDes.However, program implementation still faces various obstacles, including limited budget allocation, unavailability of technology and telecommunications in some villages, suboptimal implementation of indirect online training, uneven and inconsistent mentoring processes by stakeholders, and a lack of standardized training evaluation indicators.Overall, BUMDes HR training in East Sumba Regency shows positive progress.however, to achieve higher effectiveness, continuous improvement and enhancement efforts are needed in terms of funding, technology, infrastructure, training methods, and measurable indicator-based training evaluation.

To further enhance the effectiveness of BUMDes human resource quality, several research suggestions can be considered. Firstly, exploring the impact of technology-based training methods on HR performance and the adoption of Industry 5.0 practices in BUMDes operations could provide valuable insights. Secondly, investigating the role of local potential and community involvement in BUMDes development, particularly in relation to human resource management, could offer practical strategies for improving BUMDes performance. Lastly, examining the challenges and opportunities presented by the Industry 5.0 era for BUMDes and proposing innovative solutions to overcome these challenges would contribute to the sustainable development of BUMDes and the communities they serve.

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