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International Journal of Law Policy and GovernanceInternational Journal of Law Policy and Governance

The purpose of this research is to determine that during the implementation period of the construction work of the Sintang 3 x 7MW coal-fired power plant from start to finish, several disputes related to legal and contractual aspects have occurred between the Contractor and the Owner throughout the implementation of the Sintang 3 x 7 MW Project from 2011 to 2014. This research is conducted using a normative-empirical approach, which is an approach that combines elements from both methods. Specifically, normative legal research is a process of discovering legal rules, legal principles, or legal doctrines to address the legal issues at hand. Empirical legal research is legal research that uses data obtained directly from its source. Claim results, The contractor is entitled to their rights based on legal aspects and the work of contract for the extension of time, namely; (1) delay in the start of work and site allocation; (2) delay due to the approval of the turbine generator vendor; (3) delay due to justification for changing the foundation type; (4) delay in the approval of the pump equipment vendor; (5) delay due to extreme heavy rain occurring every day. Meanwhile, for claims related to additional work (variation order), there is only one claim, which is the change in foundation type from swallow pile foundation to bored pile foundation, resulting in changes in unit price and quantity of the foundation. Therefore, it can be concluded that construction work is a job that involves many risks from a technical aspect, namely design, execution, and maintenance, which ultimately has the potential to lead to claims from the Contractor to the Owner.

Based on the research and discussion, it was concluded that the contractor had six valid claims for time extensions due to delays caused by the owner, including delays in work commencement, vendor approvals, foundation type changes, and extreme rainfall.There was also one claim for additional work related to a foundation type change.Therefore, construction work inherently involves technical risks that can lead to contractor claims, which are regulated by the contract.It is crucial to adhere to construction service industry regulations, such as Law Number 2 of 2017, the Civil Code, and Presidential Regulations, to resolve disputes effectively and avoid costly litigation.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, terdapat beberapa saran penelitian lanjutan yang dapat dilakukan untuk memperdalam pemahaman mengenai klaim dalam proyek konstruksi. Pertama, penelitian lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor spesifik yang paling sering menyebabkan keterlambatan dalam proyek pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU) di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada aspek perencanaan, pengadaan, dan pelaksanaan. Penelitian ini dapat menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan survei terhadap para pemangku kepentingan proyek, seperti pemilik proyek, kontraktor, konsultan, dan pemasok. Kedua, penelitian dapat dilakukan untuk mengembangkan model prediktif yang dapat memprediksi potensi klaim berdasarkan data historis proyek konstruksi, termasuk data mengenai jenis proyek, lokasi, anggaran, jadwal, dan kondisi lapangan. Model ini dapat membantu para pemangku kepentingan proyek untuk mengidentifikasi risiko potensial dan mengambil langkah-langkah pencegahan yang tepat. Ketiga, penelitian dapat dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa konstruksi yang ada di Indonesia, seperti arbitrase dan mediasi, serta mengidentifikasi perbaikan yang diperlukan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan keadilan proses penyelesaian sengketa. Penelitian ini dapat menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap para praktisi hukum dan para pihak yang terlibat dalam sengketa konstruksi. Penelitian-penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan bagi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan praktik konstruksi di Indonesia, serta meningkatkan kinerja proyek konstruksi secara keseluruhan.

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