NEWINERANEWINERA

Journal La SocialeJournal La Sociale

This study explores the Wurumana institution within the Lio ethnic community of Maurole Village, East Nusa Tenggara, using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The research identifies three main functions of Wurumana: (1) fulfilling bridewealth obligations (belis), facilitating collective resource mobilization for marriage payments; (2) reinforcing kinship solidarity, strengthening communal bonds; and (3) providing a conflict resolution mechanism through customary mediation. The ritual unfolds in nine stages, beginning with family summons and ending with the presentation of rice, garments, and Lio woven textiles. The persistence of Wurumana is explained by three factors: the moral principle of jaga waka (preserving familial dignity), the authority of the Eda (traditional leaders), and the tau tei duna mea ethic (the cultural imperative of contribution, enforced through social sanctions). This study highlights the enduring relevance of Wurumana in contemporary Lio society and contributes to understanding the social organization of the Lio ethnic group.

This study concludes that Wurumana constitutes a living total prestation that both confirms and revises Mauss theory, encompassing material elements, sacred authority, and cosmological dimensions.It fosters clan solidarity through the principle of Pe Ndate Kita Sama-Sama and exhibits asymmetrical reciprocity, highlighting power hierarchies and sacredness.The persistence of Wurumana is attributed to internalized cultural values like jaga waka and tau tei duna mea, requiring reforms to alleviate economic burdens while preserving its core sacrality.

Penelitian lanjutan perlu dilakukan untuk menginvestigasi dampak kapitalisme terhadap pertukaran simbolik, seperti pata dan lawo, serta melakukan studi komparatif sistem resiprositas asimetris di masyarakat Austronesia lainnya. Selain itu, penting untuk memetakan bagaimana generasi muda berpartisipasi dalam ritual Wurumana, baik melalui transfer digital maupun kehadiran fisik, guna memahami evolusi tradisi ini. Sebagai pertanyaan penelitian baru, dapat diajukan: Bagaimana dinamika ekonomi global memengaruhi nilai-nilai tradisional yang mendasari praktik Wurumana, dan strategi adaptasi apa yang dikembangkan oleh masyarakat Lio untuk mempertahankan relevansinya? Penelitian lebih lanjut juga dapat mengeksplorasi peran Wurumana dalam memitigasi konflik sosial di era modern, dengan fokus pada efektivitas mekanisme mediasi adat dalam menyelesaikan perselisihan yang kompleks. Terakhir, studi mendalam mengenai bagaimana nilai-nilai jaga waka dan tau tei duna mea ditransmisikan antar generasi dan bagaimana nilai-nilai tersebut berkontribusi pada ketahanan sosial masyarakat Lio akan memberikan wawasan berharga bagi upaya pelestarian budaya.

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