Publisher

SCIENCE TECH INDONESIASCIENCE TECH INDONESIA

Journal Science and Technology IndonesiaScience and Technology Indonesia Abstract

Microwave-assisted synthesis (MAS) presents a promising approach to the formation of pharmaceutical cocrystals, offering notable improvements in solubility, dissolution rate, stability, and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). This review aims to evaluate the potential of MAS as a green and efficient strategy for drug cocrystal synthesis, particularly in comparison to conventional methods such as solvent evaporation, slurry crystallisation, and grinding techniques. A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, to ensure a comprehensive selection of relevant studies. Findings indicate that MAS significantly reduces reaction time, minimizes solvent use, and enhances product purity and yield. Its compatibility with solvent-free or minimal-solvent processes aligns closely with green chemistry principles, making it a sustainable alternative. Furthermore, MAS effectively addresses solubility mismatches and process inefficiencies commonly encountered in traditional methods. The future prospect of MAS lies in its integration with continuous manufacturing, automation, and drug repurposing efforts.

Conclusion

MAS offers a fast, energy-efficient, and environmentally sustainable alternative for pharmaceutical cocrystal production.It enhances molecular diffusion and interaction through dielectric heating, leading to efficient noncovalent bonding.Compared to conventional methods, MAS reduces solvent consumption, shortens synthesis time, and yields high-purity products.With increasing emphasis on green manufacturing, MAS represents a forward-thinking platform for modern drug formulation as well as drug safety.

Future Research

Penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai microwave-assisted synthesis (MAS) pada pembentukan cocrystal farmasi sebaiknya difokuskan pada pemahaman mekanisme fundamental yang mengatur transfer energi dan interaksi molekul di bawah iradiasi microwave. Penelitian juga perlu mengeksplorasi integrasi MAS dengan teknik analitis real-time seperti spektroskopi in situ atau pencitraan termal untuk memantau dan mengontrol proses pembentukan cocrystal dengan lebih baik. Selain itu, menggabungkan MAS dengan teknik penggilingan seperti ball milling atau teknik-teknik inovatif lainnya berpotensi memberikan sinergi untuk pembentukan cocrystal yang lebih efektif. Pengembangan reaktor microwave aliran kontinu (continuous flow) menjadi krusial untuk penerapan skala industri yang lebih besar, mengatasi keterbatasan seperti distribusi energi yang tidak merata dan meningkatkan efisiensi proses secara keseluruhan. Integrasi prinsip Quality by Design (QbD) dan Process Analytical Technology (PAT) dalam penelitian MAS akan memungkinkan optimasi proses, kontrol kualitas, dan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang pembentukan cocrystal.

References

1. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis: A Green Chemistry Approach for Drug Cocrystals Synthesis | Science and... doi.org/10.26554/sti.2025.10.4.1130-1147Microwave Assisted Synthesis A Green Chemistry Approach for Drug Cocrystals Synthesis Science and doi 10 26554 sti 2025 10 4 1130 1147

Metadata

File size	995.66 KB
Pages	18
DMCA	Report