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UINMYBATUSANGKARUINMYBATUSANGKAR

Journal Al Ushuliy: Jurnal Mahasiswa Syariah dan HukumAl Ushuliy: Jurnal Mahasiswa Syariah dan Hukum Abstract

This study investigates the judicial considerations behind the granting and rejection of marriage dispensation applications due to out-of-wedlock pregnancies at the Religious Court of Painan. The research aims to explore the reasoning used by judges both in approving and denying such requests, providing insight into the legal, philosophical, and sociological foundations that inform these decisions. The study employs an empirical juridical approach with a qualitative method. Primary data sources include interviews with two judges who have adjudicated marriage dispensation cases at the Painan Religious Court, as well as official court decisions. Data analysis was conducted through the techniques of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification, while data triangulation was used to ensure validity. The findings reveal that in Case No. 49/Pdt.P/2021/PA.Pn (Decision I), the judge granted the dispensation based on several considerations. Philosophically, the judge emphasized the childs consent and evaluated the minors physical and psychological maturity. Juridically, there were no legal impediments to marriage. Sociologically, the judge considered the social implications of an out-of-wedlock pregnancy and concluded that immediate marriage was necessary to prevent public unrest and protect the childs dignity. The decision was also grounded in the principle of maslahah (public interest), suggesting that delaying the marriage could lead to greater harm. Conversely, in Case No. 66/Pdt.P/2022/PA.Pn (Decision II), the judge rejected the application. Philosophically, the judge noted that the adolescents involvement in premarital sex reflected emotional and spiritual immaturity, deeming the individual unfit for marriage. Juridically, the child was still of compulsory school age and not yet eligible for dispensation, as early childbirth carries high health risks. Moreover, permitting the marriage could lead to further legal complications, including issues of lineage (nasab). Sociologically, the judge argued that rejecting the request served as a preventive measure against increasing promiscuity among adolescents. From the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharīah, the rejection was seen as an effort to uphold ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of life), education rights, psychological well-being, and clarity of lineage. These findings highlight the nuanced and multifaceted approach of the judiciary in balancing legal norms, social realities, and Islamic legal objectives when adjudicating sensitive family matters.

Conclusion

The study concludes that judicial considerations in granting marriage dispensation due to out-of-wedlock pregnancy, as seen in Decision I, involve philosophical emphasis on the childs consent and maturity, juridical absence of legal impediments, and sociological considerations of preventing social unrest and upholding public interest.Conversely, rejection of such applications, exemplified by Decision II, stems from philosophical concerns about the applicants emotional and spiritual readiness, juridical considerations regarding compulsory education and lineage clarity, and sociological aims to curb premarital sexual behavior.These decisions demonstrate a careful balancing of legal norms, societal values, and Islamic legal principles in addressing sensitive family law issues.

Future Research

Penelitian lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi dampak jangka panjang dari keputusan pemberian atau penolakan dispensasi kawin terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis dan sosial anak yang terlibat, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif mendalam seperti wawancara longitudinal. Selain itu, studi komparatif antara berbagai Pengadilan Agama di Indonesia dapat dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan praktik dan pertimbangan hakim dalam menangani kasus serupa, serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perbedaan tersebut. Terakhir, penelitian dapat difokuskan pada pengembangan model intervensi yang komprehensif untuk mencegah pernikahan dini dan kehamilan di luar nikah, yang melibatkan kerjasama antara lembaga keagamaan, pendidikan, dan pemerintah, serta melibatkan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat dan keluarga, dengan mempertimbangkan kearifan lokal dan nilai-nilai budaya yang relevan.

References

1. Legal Assessment Of Marriage Dispensation Applications: Insights From The Painan Religious Court | Al... ejournal.uinmybatusangkar.ac.id/ojs/index.php/ushuliy/article/view/15715Legal Assessment Of Marriage Dispensation Applications Insights From The Painan Religious Court Al ejournal uinmybatusangkar ac ojs index php ushuliy article view 15715

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