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Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran IndustriJurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri

The iron and steel industry constitutes one of the strategic pillars of economic development. However, it is also a major contributor to global air pollution due to high-temperature fossil fuel combustion inherent in its processes. This study aims to analyze the wind characteristics surrounding a steel and iron industrial facility in North Sumatra and to predict the areas most at risk from pollutant dispersion. Meteorological data from the NASA POWER Project database, covering the period from 2021 to 2024, were processed to examine local wind profiles across two distinct seasonal periods—rainy and dry. The analysis revealed that during the rainy season, winds predominantly originated from the northwest, with moderate speeds ranging from 2.10 to 3.60 m/s, leading to pollutant dispersion mainly toward the southeast (145°, 40%). Conversely, in the dry season, wind direction was more variable, as indicated by a low resultant vector percentage (11%), suggesting multidirectional pollutant spread. Across both seasons, the majority of wind speeds were below 2.10 m/s, which limits vertical atmospheric mixing and enhances pollutant retention near the surface. Air stagnation, particularly during transitional periods between seasons and under temperature inversion conditions, further intensifies pollutant accumulation. These findings underscore the critical role of seasonal wind dynamics in air pollution behavior and provide a scientific foundation for developing effective mitigation strategies. Practical policy implications include the establishment of buffer zones in downwind residential or agricultural areas, the implementation of stricter emission controls during periods of low wind speed and stagnation, and the integration of local wind data into early warning systems for air quality. Such measures are essential to protect public health, especially in high-density areas surrounding PT X, including Medan City, Deli Serdang Regency, Serdang Bedagai Regency, and Tebing Tinggi City.

This study reveals that seasonal wind patterns around PT X strongly influence the dispersion of industrial air pollutants.During the dry season, emissions are primarily directed toward the densely populated eastern districts of Medan, whereas in the rainy season, pollutants are transported to moderately populated areas in Deli Serdang Regency.Although wind speeds are slightly stronger in the rainy season, they provide limited improvement in dispersion.The overall dominance of low wind velocities in both seasons restricts pollutant dilution and increases the risk of accumulation near residential zones.

Further research should investigate the correlation between specific meteorological parameters, such as temperature inversions and humidity levels, and the concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) emitted by PT X, to refine air quality prediction models. Additionally, a comprehensive assessment of the health impacts on vulnerable populations residing in downwind areas, including children and individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions, is needed to quantify the risks associated with long-term exposure to industrial emissions. Finally, exploring the effectiveness of various emission control technologies, such as wet scrubbers and electrostatic precipitators, in reducing pollutant release from the steel plant, coupled with an economic analysis of their implementation costs and benefits, could provide valuable insights for sustainable industrial practices and environmental protection. These investigations, building upon the current studys findings, will contribute to a more nuanced understanding of air pollution dynamics and inform the development of targeted mitigation strategies to safeguard public health and environmental quality in the region.

  1. Radware Bot Manager Captcha. radware bot manager captcha apologize ensure keep safe please confirm human... iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/1268/1/012070Radware Bot Manager Captcha radware bot manager captcha apologize ensure keep safe please confirm human iopscience iop article 10 1088 1755 1315 1268 1 012070
  2. ACP - Seasonal variation in atmospheric pollutants transport in central Chile: dynamics and consequences.... acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/6431/2021ACP Seasonal variation in atmospheric pollutants transport in central Chile dynamics and consequences acp copernicus articles 21 6431 2021
  3. Microplastic Distribution Model in Ambient Air PM2.5 Around the Medan Industrial Area, North Sumatra... doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202451903014Microplastic Distribution Model in Ambient Air PM2 5 Around the Medan Industrial Area North Sumatra doi 10 1051 e3sconf 202451903014
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