Publisher

BIOTROPBIOTROP

Journal BIOTROPIABIOTROPIA Abstract

Downy mildew is recognized as a major constraint in zucchini production, caused by obligate fungal-like pathogens that thrive under humid conditions. In this study, the efficacy of selected bacterial (Lysobacter antibioticus Bali G, Pseudomonas corrugata SAJ6) and fungal (Trichoderma sp. Td22) antagonists was evaluated for the management of this foliar disease on zucchini plants as an alternative to chemical fungicides. The efficacy of these bacterial and fungal antagonists against a suspected downy mildew pathogen was assessed on zucchini leaves in a glasshouse. It was found that the antagonists provided 22 - 83% protection (P < 0.05) against the pathogen two weeks after application. However, the level of protection declined over time, with 46 - 60% of leaves infected five weeks after pathogen exposure, regardless of treatment. The combination of Trichoderma sp. Td22, the most effective agent, with either Lysobacter antibioticus Bali G, Pseudomonas corrugata SAJ6, or both, was observed to reduce its overall effectiveness. Survival of the biological agents on leaf surfaces was low, although prior research has indicated that survival may not be essential for sustained disease control. Further investigation is required to determine the potential role of these agents in inducing systemic acquired resistance in crops such as grapes and poppies. For commercial application, repeated treatments may be necessary to maintain disease management. Notably, the protection provided by Trichoderma sp. Td22 was found to be comparable to that of chemical treatments, representing a promising step toward more sustainable agricultural practices.

Conclusion

The biological control agents evaluated in this study, with the exception of *L.antibioticus* Bali G, demonstrated significant effectiveness in protecting zucchini leaves from downy mildew during the first two weeks of the glasshouse trial.Td22 was found to be incompatible with both *L.The survival of all three antagonists on zucchini leaf surfaces was notably very low, highlighting the need for improved application techniques and protective formulations.

Future Research

Penelitian lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan efektivitas agen-agen pengendali hayati ini dalam pengendalian penyakit pada tanaman zucchini. Salah satu arah penelitian yang menarik adalah mengeksplorasi formulasi baru yang dapat meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup dan kolonisasi agen-agen ini pada permukaan daun, misalnya dengan menambahkan bahan pelindung UV atau agen pelembap. Selain itu, penelitian perlu difokuskan pada pemahaman mekanisme induksi resistensi sistemik yang dipicu oleh agen-agen ini, khususnya pada tanaman komoditas penting seperti anggur dan opium, untuk mengembangkan strategi pengendalian penyakit yang lebih berkelanjutan. Terakhir, studi lapangan yang komprehensif diperlukan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja agen-agen ini dalam kondisi lingkungan yang berbeda dan menentukan interval aplikasi yang optimal untuk mempertahankan efektivitas pengendalian penyakit, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor seperti curah hujan, suhu, dan kelembaban.

References

1. A New Operation for Producing Disease-Suppressive Compost from Grass Clippings | Applied and Environmental... doi.org/10.1128/AEM.64.10.4015-4020.1998A New Operation for Producing Disease Suppressive Compost from Grass Clippings Applied and Environmental doi 10 1128 AEM 64 10 4015 4020 1998
2. Biological control of Sclerotinia minor attack on pyrethrum plants by Trichoderma harzianum in glasshouse... doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230655Biological control of Sclerotinia minor attack on pyrethrum plants by Trichoderma harzianum in glasshouse doi 10 13057 biodiv d230655
3. THE THE EFFICACY OF BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL ANTAGONIST SUSPENSIONS IN CONTROLLING FOLIAR MILDEW DISEASE... journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/article/view/2448THE THE EFFICACY OF BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL ANTAGONIST SUSPENSIONS IN CONTROLLING FOLIAR MILDEW DISEASE journal biotrop index php biotropia article view 2448
4. Diversity of biocontrol agents, isolated from several sources, inhibitory to several fungal plant pathogens... smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/7198Diversity of biocontrol agents isolated from several sources inhibitory to several fungal plant pathogens smujo biodiv article view 7198

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