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Diabetes mellitus is an escalating public health issue in Saudi Arabia, with rising prevalence linked to lifestyle factors such as nutrition, physical activity, and hydration practices. This study investigates the relationship between water drinking habits and diabetes risk among adults in Riyadh Province, where severe climatic circumstances may intensify hydration-related health concerns. A longitudinal study approach was employed to track 300 people aged 30 to 65 over a two-year period, collecting data on water consumption, glycemic indicators, and related health behaviors. The results demonstrate that persons consuming ≥2 liters of water daily had reduced fasting blood glucose (94 mg/dL) and HbA1c levels (5.6%) in contrast to those consuming <2 liters daily (102 mg/dL and 6.1%, respectively). Moreover, insufficient hydration was markedly associated with a higher incidence of prediabetes and diabetes. Rural participants, characterized by diminished water consumption and limited access to purified water, demonstrated poorer glycemic results. The research highlights the significance of sufficient hydration in the prevention and control of diabetes, especially in arid conditions. Public health campaigns must incorporate hydration education with traditional diabetes prevention techniques to reduce risks and enhance metabolic health in Saudi Arabia.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that insufficient water consumption markedly elevates the incidence of diabetes in Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia, irrespective of other recognized risk factors.Participants eating less than 2 liters daily had significantly elevated fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels in comparison to those adhering to hydration guidelines.Moreover, water quality surfaced as an undervalued element, with users of untreated water exhibiting inferior glycemic profiles.Rural-urban differences were significant, with rural inhabitants experiencing reduced water usage and restricted access to treated water sources.The protective benefit of sufficient hydration proved especially significant in the hot climate of Saudi Arabia and was amplified when coupled with physical exercise and appropriate nutrition.

Future Research

Berdasarkan temuan ini, beberapa saran penelitian lanjutan dapat diajukan. Pertama, penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk menginvestigasi mekanisme biologis yang mendasari hubungan antara hidrasi dan regulasi glukosa, termasuk peran hormon dan jalur pensinyalan tertentu. Kedua, studi intervensi yang mengevaluasi dampak program edukasi hidrasi dan peningkatan akses ke air bersih terhadap kejadian dan pengendalian diabetes di komunitas pedesaan di Arab Saudi akan sangat berharga. Ketiga, penelitian prospektif dapat mengeksplorasi interaksi antara hidrasi, pola makan, dan aktivitas fisik dalam memitigasi risiko diabetes, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor sosiodemografi dan lingkungan yang relevan. Dengan menggabungkan wawasan dari penelitian ini, kita dapat mengembangkan strategi pencegahan diabetes yang lebih komprehensif dan efektif yang disesuaikan dengan konteks unik Arab Saudi.

References

1. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia: Major Challenges and Possible Solutions | Bentham Science.... eurekaselect.com/openurl/content.php?genre=article&issn=1573-3998&volume=13&issue=1&spage=59Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia Major Challenges and Possible Solutions Bentham Science eurekaselect openurl content php genre article issn 1573 3998 volume 13 issue 1 spage 59
2. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a Saudi community | Annals of Saudi Medicine. prevalence diabetes... doi.org/10.4103/0256-4947.75773Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a Saudi community Annals of Saudi Medicine prevalence diabetes doi 10 4103 0256 4947 75773

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