Publisher

UBUB

Journal Heart Science JournalHeart Science Journal Abstract

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of death worldwide. In Indonesia, it accounts for approximately 1.5% of the entire population. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is taken into consideration as one of the most potent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Haemoglobi-nA1c (HbA1c) reflects a long-term glycemic control and is used as a valuable diabetes biomarker. High serum glucose levels, expressed as glycated hemoglobin levels in diabetics or non-diabetics, are related to varying degrees of systemic inflammation and promote the release of the proinflammatory cytokines. The association between higher glycated serum HbA1c levels and the severity of the coronary disease is well known. The predictive value of HbA1c for CAD severity, re-hospitalization, and the mortality of cardiovascular disease had been studied extensively since 2004. Numerous previous trials discovered that severity of CAD correlated with the elevation of HbA1c levels, suggesting it as a broad surrogate marker for CAD. Thus, HbA1c is currently considered as an independent risk factor for CAD. A higher level of HbA1c and the presence of factors associated with ongoing atherosclerosis and extensive CAD are concomitantly contributing to the higher major adverse cardiovas-cular events (MACEs) incidence and long-term mortality.

Conclusion

Many studies support the role of HbA1c as an independent risk factor for CAD.A significant correlation was shown between HbA1c, hospital admission, coronary artery severity, and adverse cardiovascular events, potentially serving as a surrogate marker for worse long-term outcomes.Therefore, maintaining HbA1c levels within normal limits (below 5.7%) is recommended to mitigate risks and improve patient prognosis.

Future Research

Penelitian lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi mekanisme biologis yang mendasari hubungan antara HbA1c dan CAD, melampaui sekadar refleksi glikemia. Studi prospektif dengan ukuran sampel yang besar dan periode tindak lanjut yang panjang diperlukan untuk menentukan nilai ambang HbA1c yang optimal untuk memprediksi risiko kardiovaskular pada populasi non-diabetes, termasuk populasi Indonesia. Selain itu, penelitian intervensi yang mengevaluasi efektivitas strategi untuk menurunkan HbA1c pada pasien dengan CAD, bahkan pada mereka yang tidak menderita diabetes, akan memberikan wawasan penting untuk praktik klinis dan pencegahan penyakit kardiovaskular.

References

1. The Importance of Managing HbA1c in Coronary Artery Disease: Keep It Low | Heart Science Journal. importance... heartscience.ub.ac.id/index.php/heartscience/article/view/138The Importance of Managing HbA1c in Coronary Artery Disease Keep It Low Heart Science Journal importance heartscience ub ac index php heartscience article view 138

Subjects

1. #coronary artery disease#coronary artery disease

Metadata

File size	1.48 MB
Pages	3
DMCA	ReportReport