Publisher

YASIN ALSYSYASIN ALSYS

Journal International Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social SciencesInternational Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences Abstract

This study investigates the joint effects of factionalism within opposition groups and states on state strategies in diplomatic negotiations, focusing on how alignments across factional lines influence both internal cohesion and bargaining dynamics at the peace table. The theoretical framework posits that a states similarity to its regime and opposition factions significantly shapes negotiation outcomes, including the initiation, nature, and durability of peace agreements. The analysis advances three key propositions: first, states are more likely to engage in symbolic rather than substantive negotiations when their regimes align with at least one opposition faction; second, greater convergence of interests between regime and opposition factions increases the likelihood of reaching peace agreements; and third, conflicts marked by such similarity are more likely to result in compliance with agreements compared to cases without such alignment. Employing a comparative case study methodology, the research examines historical civil conflicts including the Salvadoran Civil War, the Nicaraguan Contra insurgency, the Guatemalan Civil War, the Honduran Contra War, and Algerias civil conflict. The findings demonstrate that regime–opposition similarity exerts a stronger influence on negotiation dynamics, agreement formation, and compliance than opposition similarity with third-party actors, offering new insights into the political mechanics of conflict resolution.

Conclusion

Nine propositions were identified, asking under what conditions and with what probability peace or neutrality would reign among enemy states.Also, what configurations of peace and war will most likely follow once wars have ensued.Many causal factors are explored, including declaratory diplomacy, proportionality, symmetry of predominance, interactions of constraints and capabilities, constellations of states and alignments, negotiators and issue salience, involvement of extra-regional powers, impact on conflict behavior, peace treaties, territorial redeployment, demilitarization, guarantees, POWs, flight, recognition, commerce, stabilization and normalization zones.borders and boundaries, cooperative-constructive regimes, ideological-political relations, diplomacy, communications, and the end of violence.The analysis extends from 1495 to 2007.Political factionalism takes hold for several potential reasons, turning nations long established on the principle of individual equality under the law into battlegrounds of partisans.Political factionalism impairs a nations ability to engage effectively in diplomacy and compromises any endeavors at cooperation that might be undertaken with other nations.Installing and maintaining loyal and durable political factionalism gives political leaders an address for decision-making outside the electoral process.The offspring of the prevailing political system and other sociopolitical environmental factors, factionalism lords over public policy issues, left to those in power.

Future Research

The research suggests that further exploration is needed to understand how factionalism and political divides permeate diplomats professional lives and actions, and how foreign service officials view and respond to their national and international environment differently due to their factional or non-factional affiliation. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of examining the impact of political factionalism on diplomacy, particularly in the context of civil conflicts and the role of factionalism in shaping state-to-state diplomatic initiatives. The paper also emphasizes the need to consider the implications of factionalism within strategic groups for diplomatic engagement between states and non-state actors. Furthermore, the analysis underscores the significance of understanding the dynamics of factionalism in South Asian conflicts and its impact on governance and political strategies. Finally, the study calls for a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between factionalism and diplomatic strategy in civil war, and the potential for factionalism to amplify or sustain militant group strategies under certain conditions.

References

1. Dissertation or Thesis | Negotiation in the Shadow of an Extremist Threat: Insurgencies and the Internal... cdr.lib.unc.edu/concern/dissertations/fn106z583?locale=enDissertation or Thesis Negotiation in the Shadow of an Extremist Threat Insurgencies and the Internal cdr lib unc edu concern dissertations fn106z583 locale en
2. The Impact of Political Factionalism on Diplomacy: A Comparative Analysis | International Journal of... ejournal.yasin-alsys.org/IJHESS/article/view/6935The Impact of Political Factionalism on Diplomacy A Comparative Analysis International Journal of ejournal yasin alsys IJHESS article view 6935

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