Publisher

BERKALAHAYATIBERKALAHAYATI

Journal Berkala Penelitian HayatiBerkala Penelitian Hayati Abstract

Natural wetlands are the natural habitat of waterbirds, but it is very difficult to find an unspoiled wetlands without human intervention currently. East coast of Surabaya is wetlands area in Surabaya that most of the region have changed into fishpond and residential. The aims of this research are to determine the community structure of waterbirds in each type of wetland utilization and to determine if the different type of wetland utilization influence the community structure of waterbirds in East Coast of Surabaya. Data were collected during August 2012 to January 2013 with point count method. Six sampling plots have been selected. Six sampling plots representing four types of use of wetlands, which are bozem, the former fishpond, fishpond with vegetation, and fishponds without vegetation (fishpond 1, fishpond 2 and fishpond 3). In bozem recorded 19 species of waterbirds (1107 individual), dominated by shorebirds, with a diversity index (H) 1.86, and evenness index (J) 0.63. In former fishpond recorded 7 species of water birds (168 individual), dominated by rails and moorhen, with H = 1.12 and J = 0.57. In fishpond with vegetation recorded 12 species of water birds (137 individual), dominated by large wader, with H = 1.85 and J = 0.74. In fishpond 1 recorded 18 species of water birds (299 individual), dominated by terns, with H = 1.96 and J = 0.68. In fishpond 2 recorded 9 species of water birds (70 individual), dominated by terns, with H = 1.73 and J = 0.79. In fishpond 3 recorded 10 species of water birds (83 individual), dominated by terns, with H = 1.84 and J = 0.80. Chi-square test showed that X2 count is greater than X2 table with α < 0.05, which indicates that there is a significant difference of the number of individuals of each species and the number of individual of each water birds group for each type of use of wetlands, so it can be concluded that different types of use of wetlands affect water bird community structure in the East Coast Surabaya.

Conclusion

The research concludes that the community structure of waterbirds varies across different wetland utilization types in the East Coast of Surabaya.Bozem, with minimal human intervention, supports the highest diversity of shorebirds.Different types of wetland use significantly influence the number of individuals of each species and group of waterbirds, indicating habitat-specific preferences.These findings highlight the importance of considering wetland management practices to conserve waterbird communities.

Future Research

Future research should investigate the long-term effects of wetland conversion on waterbird population dynamics and species composition, potentially utilizing long-term monitoring programs to track changes over time. A comparative study examining the foraging behavior and dietary preferences of waterbirds across different wetland types could reveal crucial links between habitat quality and species-specific resource utilization. Furthermore, research could explore the impact of water quality parameters, such as salinity and nutrient levels, on the distribution and abundance of key waterbird species, considering the potential effects of pollution and climate change on these sensitive ecosystems. These investigations will contribute to more effective conservation strategies for waterbirds and the preservation of vital wetland habitats in the region.

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