Publisher

UADUAD

Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemical EngineeringIndonesian Journal of Chemical Engineering Abstract

Ferronickel slag is a waste product of the nickel metal smelting industry. PT. Virtue Dragon Nickel Industry is a company located in Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi Province, which is the first ferronickel and stainless-steel industrial area in Indonesia. Since 2017 until now, the capacity of the ferronickel smelting industry in the company is 600,000 tons. From the ferronickel smelting process, slag waste of around 3 million tons has also been produced which has not been processed or utilized. Slag waste is feared to disrupt the environment if not managed or utilized properly. This study aims to study the utilization of nickel slag waste as a substitute for fine and coarse aggregate in concrete. This study compares the mechanical properties of concrete using nickel slag material with the use of natural materials in the form of gravel and sand taken from the Konaweha River. The study was started with the preparation of nickel slag in the size of coarse aggregate 10-20 mm, and fine aggregate that passes 20 mesh. Nickel slag was tested for its content or composition. Slag was mixed into a concrete mixture containing sand, gravel, cement with a certain composition. The slag content was added at 0, 10, 20 and 30%. The stirred mixture was then tested for slump with an Abrams cylinder with a lower diameter of 20 cm, an upper diameter of 10 cm and a height of 30 cm. The mixture was molded in the form of a cube measuring 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm for density testing and compressive strength testing after 28 days. The test results showed that the largest slag content was silica and iron. The addition of nickel slag provided a slump value that was still included in the type of mixture with good performance. The addition of nickel slag up to 30% increased the density and compressive strength of concrete. The density of concrete increased by 6.7-21.9%. The increase in concrete compressive strength ranges from 8.43 to 33.79%. The mixture with the addition of 20% fine slag has the highest compressive strength of 33.23 MPa.

Conclusion

The nickel slag content of Morosi, Konawe is mostly silica (Si) and iron (Fe).The addition of nickel slag increases the density and compressive strength of concrete, with fine slag providing a greater increase than coarse slag.The study concludes that utilizing nickel slag as a partial substitute for aggregates in concrete is feasible and can improve concrete quality up to 30% substitution.

Future Research

Penelitian lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan untuk menguji durabilitas beton yang menggunakan limbah slag nikel, termasuk ketahanannya terhadap serangan sulfat dan siklus pembekuan-pencairan, guna memastikan keawetan jangka panjang struktur beton. Selain itu, studi komprehensif mengenai potensi lixiviasi logam berat dari beton yang mengandung slag nikel perlu dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi dampak lingkungan dan memastikan kepatuhan terhadap standar keberlanjutan. Terakhir, penelitian dapat difokuskan pada optimasi proporsi campuran beton dengan menggunakan slag nikel, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor seperti biaya, ketersediaan material, dan kinerja mekanis, untuk menghasilkan campuran beton yang ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan panduan praktis bagi industri konstruksi dalam memanfaatkan limbah slag nikel secara optimal dan berkelanjutan.

References

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2. Performance Evaluation of Construction and Demolition Waste Materials for Pavement Construction in Egypt... ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002127Performance Evaluation of Construction and Demolition Waste Materials for Pavement Construction in Egypt ascelibrary doi 10 1061 ASCE MT 1943 5533 0002127
3. Geotechnical Properties of Recycled Crushed Brick in Pavement Applications | Journal of Materials in... doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000319Geotechnical Properties of Recycled Crushed Brick in Pavement Applications Journal of Materials in doi 10 1061 ASCE MT 1943 5533 0000319

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