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International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)

Achieving better network performance is a paramount concern in wireless networks. This paper provides a survey of the basic mechanisms which influence the propagation of electromagnetic waves in hilly areas. Three empirical models: COST231-Hata, Okumura-Hata and Egli which are suitable for path loss prediction for such area are presented. By using these propagation models the broadcast signal strength are predicted for this type of environment. Measurement results of signal strength in UHF band obtained in Idanre Town of Ondo State Nigeria are presented and compared with the results predicted by using the propagation models. A modified COST231-Hata radiowave propagation model was developed and implemented with Matlab GUI (Graphical User Interface) for simulation. The model developed has 93.8% accuracy.

Three empirical propagation models were used to predict path loss in a hilly area.The Okumura-Hata and Egli models showed large errors, while the COST-Hata model showed closer agreement with measurement results.A modified COST-Hata model was developed for deployment in the area, achieving 93.Therefore, the developed model is suitable for use in path loss prediction in hilly areas like Idanre.

Penelitian lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh jenis vegetasi dan kepadatan pohon terhadap perambatan gelombang radio di daerah berbukit, karena paper ini hanya menyebutkan pengukuran dilakukan saat musim kemarau ketika pohon hampir tidak berdaun. Selain itu, studi komparatif yang lebih mendalam dapat dilakukan dengan membandingkan kinerja model propagasi yang dimodifikasi dengan model-model terbaru, seperti model berbasis machine learning, untuk meningkatkan akurasi prediksi di lingkungan yang kompleks. Terakhir, penelitian dapat difokuskan pada pengembangan model propagasi yang mempertimbangkan efek difraksi dan refleksi gelombang radio pada permukaan tanah yang tidak rata, serta pengaruh lapisan atmosfer terhadap perambatan gelombang radio, untuk menghasilkan prediksi yang lebih akurat dan andal dalam perencanaan jaringan nirkabel di daerah berbukit.

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