Publisher

UMSUMS

Journal Forum GeografiForum Geografi Abstract

Bangladesh is one of the countries in the world most severely affected by soil salinity issues. This research focuses on the seasonal variation in soil salinity and the associated impact of climate change across different sites in the Batiaghata sub-district of Khulna, located in the southwestern coastal belt of Bangladesh. The study encompasses four meteorological seasons: pre-monsoon (March-April-May), monsoon (June-July-August-September), post-monsoon (October-November), and winter (December-January-February). Maximum and minimum electrical conductivity values are employed, collected from the Soil Research Development Institute (SRDI) in Khulna, and which show variations in the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. The Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI) is used to detect soil salinity aspects using remote sensing techniques. Satellite-derived NDSI indices indicate that soil salinity peaks during the pre-monsoon season, which is consistent with the observed data. The minimum values were recorded in the monsoon season. Rainfall is the main reason for lower soil salinity in the monsoon season. Conversely, soil salinity increases during the pre-monsoon season due to higher average air temperatures (2m above surface). The broader implication of the study is that it highlights how climate drivers influence soil salinity. It also supports the formulation of targeted climate adaptation and coastal resilience policies.

Conclusion

The electrical conductivity was highest during the pre-monsoon season and lowest during the post-monsoon season across all individual sites and in the aggregated data.These results are consistent with satellite-derived indices.The observed seasonal variability in soil salinity, derived from both satellite data and field measurements, aligns with the study objectives.Furthermore, the findings provide a clear interpretation of soil salinity dynamics in relation to climatic drivers.

Future Research

Berdasarkan penelitian ini, beberapa saran penelitian lanjutan dapat diajukan untuk memperdalam pemahaman kita tentang dinamika salinitas tanah dan dampaknya terhadap lingkungan dan pertanian di wilayah pesisir Bangladesh. Pertama, penelitian lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan untuk menginvestigasi peran spesifik dari pola angin dan evapotranspirasi dalam memengaruhi salinitas tanah, mengingat penelitian ini hanya berfokus pada suhu dan curah hujan. Hal ini dapat melibatkan penggunaan data meteorologi yang lebih rinci dan pemodelan proses fisik untuk memahami interaksi kompleks antara faktor-faktor ini. Kedua, penelitian longitudinal yang melacak tren salinitas tanah selama periode waktu yang lebih lama, misalnya 20-30 tahun, dapat memberikan wawasan yang lebih baik tentang dampak perubahan iklim jangka panjang dan variabilitas iklim antar tahun terhadap salinitas tanah. Data historis ini dapat dibandingkan dengan data saat ini untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan signifikan dan memprediksi tren masa depan. Ketiga, penelitian dapat mengeksplorasi efektivitas berbagai strategi adaptasi, seperti penggunaan varietas tanaman tahan garam, praktik irigasi yang ditingkatkan, dan teknik pengelolaan tanah, dalam mengurangi dampak salinitas tanah terhadap produktivitas pertanian. Penelitian ini dapat melibatkan studi lapangan yang membandingkan hasil tanaman dan kualitas tanah di bawah berbagai strategi adaptasi, serta analisis ekonomi untuk menilai kelayakan dan keberlanjutan strategi tersebut. Dengan menggabungkan wawasan dari penelitian-penelitian ini, kita dapat mengembangkan strategi yang lebih efektif untuk mengelola salinitas tanah dan memastikan ketahanan pangan di wilayah pesisir Bangladesh.

References

1. Seasonal Variability in Soil Salinity and its Climatic Drivers in Khulna, Bangladesh | Forum Geografi.... doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v39i3.9038Seasonal Variability in Soil Salinity and its Climatic Drivers in Khulna Bangladesh Forum Geografi doi 10 23917 forgeo v39i3 9038

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