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Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering)Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering)

Mineral oils are still widely used as quenching media in steel heat treatment; however, their use raises environmental, health, and fire-safety concerns, motivating the use of vegetable oils as biodegradable and renewable alternatives. Recent studies indicate that vegetable oils can provide cooling performance comparable to or better than petroleum-based oils. However, a comprehensive framework linking their molecular structure to cooling behavior and steel properties remains limited. This review aims to develop a quantitative, mechanistic understanding of how vegetable-oil chemistry controls thermophysical behavior, quenching severity, microstructural evolution, and mechanical performance in low- and medium-carbon steels.

Vegetable oils demonstrate strong potential as sustainable quenching media due to their biodegradability, controlled cooling performance, and improved mechanical properties.However, their oxidative stability and long-term thermal performance require further optimization.The study highlights the need for standardized evaluation methods and industrial-scale validation to enhance their applicability in steel heat treatment processes.

Penelitian lanjutan dapat fokus pada pengembangan formulasi antioxidant untuk meningkatkan stabilitas oksidatif minyak nabati. Selain itu, penelitian perlu mengkaji kinerja minyak nabati pada berbagai jenis baja dengan variasi kandungan karbon. Terakhir, pengembangan model prediktif berbasis komputer untuk memprediksi karakteristik pendinginan dan mikrostruktur baja hasil proses quenching juga diperlukan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi industri.

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