Publisher

UIMUIM

Journal UIM | Environmental and Agriculture ManagementUIM | Environmental and Agriculture Management Abstract

The process of planting tobacco from the beginning of the nursery to the harvesting process is very tiring and takes a long time because it is completely done manually. In the fertilization process which is carried out by lifting the bucket, then the fertilizer solution is distributed to the roots of the plant by bending and then standing again if the availability of water has run out. If this is done continuously, then many workers complain about work risks such as back pain, arm pain, and so on. So that the tobacco fertilization process requires tools designed based on anthropometry according to the needs of workers to reduce perceived complaints. This study aims to determine the work risk, anthropometry of manual tobacco fertilizing workers, and to design a semi-automatic tobacco fertilizing device. The method used in this study is an experimental method by designing tools and testing the performance of the designed tools. Parameters observed were: level of worker complaints, worker anthropometry, dimensions and components of emitter discharge fertilization equipment and uniformity of water distribution. The results showed that the most common complaints were on body parts such as the waist, arms and shoulders, which ranged from 78% -94%. Anthropometry to design a tobacco fertilizer using the 50th percentile (P50). Measurement points such as standing height 157 cm, shoulder height standing 127 cm, waist standing 91 cm, hand length 70 cm, and hand width 10 cm. The tobacco fertilizer has components such as frames, container jerry cans, wheels, distribution hoses, panel boxes, stick sprayers. The results of testing the water discharge are by doing 4 repetitions with each discharge having 44 ml/second. The uniformity of water distribution from this tool reaches 100%.

Conclusion

Based on the results of the analysis, occupational risks in the manual tobacco fertilization process include back pain and arm pain, posing a serious work risk to tobacco farmers.The design of tobacco fertilizers should utilize the 50th percentile (P50) anthropometric data, with measurements of 157 cm for standing height, 127 cm for shoulder height, 91 cm for waist height, 70 cm for hand length, and 10 cm for hand width.The developed tobacco fertilizer comprises components such as a frame, container jerry can, wheels, distribution hoses, panel box, and stick sprayer, demonstrating a water discharge of 44 ml/second and achieving 100% uniformity in water distribution.

Future Research

Penelitian lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan untuk menguji efektivitas jangka panjang dari alat pemupuk tembakau semi-otomatis ini terhadap produktivitas tanaman dan kesehatan pekerja. Selain itu, studi komparatif dapat dilakukan dengan membandingkan metode pemupukan manual dan semi-otomatis untuk mengukur efisiensi waktu dan biaya secara lebih akurat. Pengembangan lebih lanjut dapat difokuskan pada integrasi sensor dan sistem kontrol otomatis untuk menyesuaikan dosis pupuk berdasarkan kebutuhan tanaman secara real-time, sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pupuk dan mengurangi dampak lingkungan. Penelitian ini juga dapat diperluas dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor ergonomi lainnya, seperti getaran dan postur kerja, untuk merancang alat yang lebih nyaman dan aman bagi pekerja, serta mengkaji potensi penggunaan sumber energi terbarukan untuk menggerakkan alat pemupuk, sehingga mengurangi ketergantungan pada bahan bakar fosil dan mendukung praktik pertanian berkelanjutan.

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